Economic recovery and development of countries after armed conflicts: experience for Ukraine

Abstract

In the twenty-first century, under the influence of the transformation of the world system, the concepts of "armed conflict" and "war" are increasingly understood as dynamic process and not as static balance. So, the russian-Ukrainian war is a full-scale military action on the territory of Europe, it is a struggle for the stateʼs independent existence in the conditions of the twenty-first century; it is not only the struggle for Ukrainian statehood, but also the beginning of the transformation of the world system. The purpose of the study is to identify the features that have ensured the reconstruction and development of countries after the war and/or armed conflict in the conditions of the transformation of the content of these concepts in the twenty-first century, in order to identify areas and tools that can be used in the process of restoring the Ukrainian economy. Research on the transformation of the understanding of armed conflicts in the twenty-first century has made it possible to determine that the armed conflict is changing according to the following dimensions: subject, forms, means, place, and consequences. The experience of countries (Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, South Korea) that got into a situation similar to the Russian invasion on February 24, 2022, which had annexed territories, was analysed; in particular the ways of recovery after military destruction, economic reconstruction and achieving economic independence from foreign capital infusions. In the course of the study, the main direc­tions that should be implemented in the process of further development of Ukraineʼs economy were determined: the formation of a stable political envi­ronment and strong institutions capable of ensuring the rule of law, protection of property rights, and the execution of contracts; changing the system of ensuring the national security of the state due to the development of the military-industrial complex and strengthening of national identity in society; training of an educated and qualified workforce, in particular through the development of the system of private educational institutions; attraction of investments in scientific research to stimulate innovation and the development of new technologies; formation of a favourable business environment that encourages entrepreneurship, innovation and investment; transition from the predominant export of raw materials to the export of finished products.